| 刘 义,余又新,宋均辉,王建丰,胡德林.安徽某医院十年间钓鱼致电烧伤流行病学及临床特征分析[J].中国烧伤创疡杂志,2024,(1):11~16. |
| DOI： |
| 中文关键词: 钓鱼 高压电 电烧伤 流行病学 临床特征 回顾性研究 |
| 英文关键词:Fishing High-voltage electricity Electrical burns Epidemiology Clinical characteristics Retrospective study |
| 基金项目:安徽省省级临床重点专科建设项目 (060102027) |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 【摘要】 目的 回顾性分析安徽某医院十年间钓鱼致电烧伤患者的流行病学及临床特点。 方法 选取 2012年 10 月至 2022 年 10 月安徽医科大学第一附属医院收治的 102 例钓鱼致电烧伤患者作为研究对象, 收集患者性别、年龄、烧伤年份及月份、所处地域、致伤电压、昏迷情况、受伤至就诊时间、烧伤面积、烧伤程度、烧伤部位、并发症发生情况、治疗方式、截肢/ 截趾情况、住院时间、治疗费用及治疗效果等临床资料, 进行流行病学特征及临床特征分析。 结果 102 例电烧伤患者中男性占比最高, 达 97.06% (99 / 102); 年龄 12 ～75 岁 (平均42.22 岁), 其中 30～40 岁年龄组占比最高, 达 30.39% (31 / 102); 尤以 2020 年烧伤者占比最高, 达 17.65%(18 / 102), 且 4～9 月为烧伤高发期, 占比为 68.63% (70 / 102); 所在地区中合肥占比最高, 达 40.20% ( 41 /102); 33.33% (34 / 102) 的患者清楚致伤电压, 其中致伤电压在 1 万 V 以上的患者比例为 67.65% ( 23 / 34);54.90% (56 / 102) 的患者受伤后出现昏迷, 其中昏迷 1 ～< 10 min 者占比最高, 达 42.86% ( 24 / 56); 伤后1～<6 h就诊者占比最高, 达 51.96% (53 / 102); 烧伤总面积<10% TBSA 者占比最高, 达 67.65% (69 / 102); 中度烧伤占比最高, 达 73.53% (75 / 102); 手烧伤占比最高, 达 90.20% (92 / 102), 足烧伤占比次之, 达 84.31%(86 / 102); 发生并发症者占比达 33.33% (34 / 102), 其中并发感染 25.49% (26 / 102)、低血容量性休克 18.63%(19 / 102), 且感染患者中尤以革兰氏阳性菌检出率最高, 达 55.56% (25 / 45); 采用手术治疗者占比最高, 达86.27% (88 / 102), 手术治疗者中尤以植皮占比最高, 达 88.64% ( 78 / 88); 截肢/ 截趾占比较高, 达 46.08%(47 / 102); 住院时间为 1～188 d (平均 33.65 d), 治疗费用为 1 084.00～1 299 625.18 元 (平均 155 860.50 元);最终治愈 70.59% (72 / 102)、好转 24.51% (25 / 102)、未愈 3.92% (4 / 102)、自动放弃治疗 0.98% (1 / 102)。结论 钓鱼致电烧伤患者以 30~40 岁男性为主, 且具有明显时间、空间分布特征, 而损伤情况以手部及足部 10% TBSA中度烧伤为主, 感染率以及应用植皮等手术治疗的截肢/ 截趾率较高, 但生存率很高。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| 【Abstract】 Objective To retrospectively analyze the epidemiological and clinical characteristics of patients with fishing-induced electrical burns in a hospital in Anhui province over a decade. Methods 102 patients with fishing-inducedelectrical burns, admitted to The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University from October 2012 to October 2022, were selected as the research subjects. Clinical data of these patients were collected for epidemiological and clinical characteristic analysis, including sex, age, date of being burned, geographical location, voltage causing the injury, coma condition, time from injury to admission, burned area, burn severity, burned site, occurrence of complications, treatment methods,limb amputation / toe amputation, length of stay, treatment costs, and treatment outcomes. Results Among 102 patients with electrical burns, males accounted for a higher proportion, reaching 97.06% (99 / 102); the age of patients ranged from 12 to 75 years old ( average age of 42.22 years), and the age group of 30 - 40 years old held the highest proportion, reaching 30.39% (31 / 102). In 2020, the incidence of burn injuries reached its peak at 17.65% ( 18 / 102), with the highest occurrence in April-September, accounting for 68.63% ( 70 / 102). In terms of geographic locations, Hefei city accounted for the highest proportion, reaching 40.20% (41 / 102); 33.33% (34 / 102) of patients could tell the voltage causing the injury and 67.65% ( 23 / 34) of these patients were injured by voltages exceeding 10,000 V; after injury, 54.90% (56 / 102) of patients suffered a state of coma, with 42.86% (24 / 56) experiencing a coma duration of 1 to <10 minutes, the highest proportion among them. 51.96% ( 53 / 102) of patients sought treatment within 1 to 6 hours after injury, representing the highest proportion. Those with a total burned area of less than 10% TBSA constituted 67.65% (69/102) of patients, and moderate burns accounted for the highest proportion at 73.53% (75 /102). In terms of burned sites, hand burns accounted for the highest proportion at 90.20% (92/102), followed by foot burns at 84.31% (86 / 102). Complications occurred in 33.33% (34 /102) of patients, with concurrent infections at 25.49% (26 / 102) and hypovolemic shock at 18.63% (19/102). Among infected patients, the detection rate of Gram-positive bacteria stood out as the highest, reaching 55.56% (25 / 45). The majority, constituting 86.27% (88 /102) of patients, underwent surgical treatment, with skin grafting being the highest at 88.64% ( 78/ 88) and limb amputation / toe amputation relatively high at 46.08% (47 / 102). Length of stay of patients ranged from 1 to 188 days (with an average of 33.65 days), and the treatment costs ranged from 1,084.00 to 1,299,625.18 RMB (155,860.50 RMB on average). Ultimately, 70.59% (72 / 102) achieved complete recovery, 24.51% (25 / 102) showed improvement, 3.92% (4 / 102) did not recover, and 0.98% (1 / 102) gave up treatment voluntarily. Conclusion Fishing-induced electrical burns predominantly affect males aged 30 to 40 years old, with distinct temporal and spatial distribution characteristics. Injuries are primarily moderate burns of 10% TBSA on hands and feet. There’s a high incidence of infection, and the limb amputation / toe amputation rate is much higher in patients underwent skin grafting or other surgical treatments, yet the survival rate is relatively high. |
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